Publié le par NaG@8133

La démission de M.MORI et le clientélisme au Japon

Dans son éditorial, Nikkei revient sur la démission de M.MORI qui révèle le poids du clientélisme au Japon.

     Il est étonnant que l’opinion publique s’intéresse à la démission de M.MORI . Il y a six ans déjà, le premier ministre de l’époque, M. ABE, était contraint d’affirmer que « les JO de Tokyo n’auraient pas la faveur de tous les citoyens si on ne met pas fin au dérapage budgétaire « . Rappelons aussi que le comité olympique japonais a dû retirer en catimini la première version de sa mascotte accusée de plagiat. M.MORI aurait dû partir à moment-là .  

Une figure de notable

La relative clémence dont M.MORI avait bénéficié au cours de ces dernières années illustre combien son influence en tant qu’ancien ténor du PLD était grande dans le milieu des affaires. En effet, le millésime Tokyo aura battu le record de sponsoring de toute l’histoire moderne des jeux olympiques. Ce sera grâce aux contributions exclusives des entreprises nippones. En décentralisant les épreuves à la périphérie de Tokyo on a pu limiter les dépenses.  Côté politique, M.MORI est à l’origine de plusieurs initiatives dont le monde sportif est aujourd’hui reconnaissant. Sans son réseau, le secrétariat au sport n’aurait pas pu voir le jour, ni les lois fondamentales sur le sport votées.  

Ainsi, M.MORI était un notable dont personne dans le milieu des affaires ni de la politique n’avait remis en question son talent de coordinateur, encore moins sa légitimité.

 Néanmoins, ses réalisations cachent une face sombre. De puissants acteurs de tout horizon, motivés par leurs intérêts ont rendu service entre eux, et ont décidé en toute connivence des sujets importants loin des tables de négociations officielles. M.MORI a orchestré en coulisse un clientélisme opaque, irrationnel et anti démocratique. Il a été un habile préparateur de terrain , une pratique trop longtemps considérée comme indispensable dans la conduite des affaires au Japon (némawashi).

Briser l’omerta  

Le dérapage verbal de M. MORI est symptomatique de l’absence de débat dans les processus de décision. Aussi, il existe une omerta autour de cette culture de némawashi au Japon.  Quel que soit le sexe de l’intervenant doit-on lui interdire de prendre la parole ouvertement lors des réunions ? Est-ce un mal d’avoir un débat animé ?  Au Japon, une réunion n’a toujours été qu’une formalité pour valider ensemble ce qui a déjà été convenu en coulisse. Les participants n’ayant pas été impliqués dans les décisions informelles sont priés de rester silencieux par politesse durant la réunion. De facto une poignée de décideurs influents, eux-mêmes liés par des intérêts, finissent par imposer leur point de vue.  Les autres, moins importants, sont exclus de ce processus et se tiennent à l’écart. A l’échelle d’un grand événement comme les JO les conséquences son grandes.

La présence des femmes dans le conseil d’administration ralentit la prise de décision (M.MORI ex président du comité olympique japonais)

Il suffit de regarder de près le business modèle décidé par le comité. Celui-ci prévoit avant tout de rentabiliser l’événement par des bénéfices commerciaux au détriment de la mise en place d’un modèle de développement durable. Or, pour nos générations futures, les JO auraient pu être l’occasion de faire de Tokyo une ville intelligente et durable en tenant compte des défis environnementaux d’aujourd’hui.

Kitagawa KAZUNORI

Sources Nikkei  12/02/2021 (森会長辞任表明、多様性を尊重する社会のきっかけに)

167 réponses sur “La démission de M.MORI et le clientélisme au Japon”

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